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Microalgae can be used in the large-scale production of biofuels because of their ease of cultivation, high growth speed and high lipid content. Alterations in cultivation conditions change their cell composition and may affect the production of biomass, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and pigments. This study evaluated the biomass and lipid production of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated with different concentrations of sodium nitrate in Guillard f/2 medium. Five treatments were performed in triplicate, with 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 mg L of sodium nitrate, keeping constant the concentrations of the other nutrients in Guillard f/2 medium. The stationary cultivation was performed in 12 L containers and was monitored daily by cell density with the determination of the nitrate concentration performed at the beginning, middle and end of the cultivation. The separation of the cells from the culture medium was performed by chemical flocculation (2N NaOH). The biomass was dried in a drying oven and quantified. Both 15 and 30 mg L of sodium nitrate treatments with a biomass production of 4.35 ± 0.46 and 3.84 ± 0.36 g (p<0.05), respectively, and total lipids of 1.26 ± 0.22 and 1.41 ± 0.24 g (p<0.05), respectively, were significantly higher than the other treatments. The reduction of sodium nitrate in the culture medium resulted in a better recovery of biomass and production of lipids in C. vulgaris.

Effect of sodium nitrate concentration on the lipid content of Chlorella vulgaris