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The phytoplasma diseases cause enormous damage in fruit orchards around the world. Particularly, the Grapevine Flavescence dorée, FD (Szalárdi et al. 2014 ab) in grapevine orchards and the European stone fruit yellows (ESFY) cause increasing damages in Hungary in stone fruit orchards, especially in apricot plantations. The known vector of this disease is the plum psyllid (Cacopsylla pruni, Scopoli 1763) (Carraro et al. 1998). C. pruni, naturally infected with ‘Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum’ have been found in several European countries: Italy (Carraro et al. 1998), Czech Republic (Fialová et al. 2004), Switzerland (Ramel et al. 2001), Spain (Laviña et al. 2004), Bosnia-Herzegovina (Delic et al. 2005), France (Jarausch et al. 2001), and Hungary (Viczián et al. 2015, Mergenthaler et al. 2017). Until now we do not have detailed data on distribution of this serious vector in Hungary, but their presence was reported in Vas, Somogy, Pest, and Borsod-AbaújZemplén counties (Kiss et al. 2015). Plum psyllid is a Central-Asian and European species of the genus Cacopsylla (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) (Lautere 1999). It is strictly oligophagus fedding on Prunus spp. and overwintering on conifers (Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris) (Ossiannilson 1992, Hodkinson 2009) and other evergreen plants. C. pruni could be divided into a complex of two genetic groups (A and B) which have similar biology and morphology but there are some differences between effectiveness of phytoplasma transmission (Sauvion et al. 2007, Peccoud et al. 2013). Plum psyllid is a serious pest, because both mature and immature males and females can easily transmit phytoplasma in a persistent manner by feeding from the phloem (Carraro et al. 2004a). This is the way how they spread the pathogen of the disease. The disease casuses huge damages in the stone fruit orchards. The most expressive precedent for its size in Hungary is the Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County’s. In 2010 the infection in the plantations were the hereinafter: in sour cherry 62%, in cherry 30%, in peach 70% and in apricot 84%. The aim of this rewiev arcticle is to give important informations about the vector since one of the ways to protect our plantatuons against the pathogen is to protection against the plum psyllids. Also important way the use of healthy mother spawn, but there is no guarantee for the health of them. As we can not cure the infected trees we have to protect our orchards against the plum psyllids. Our goal was to give some important information about the morphology of the psyllid that farmers can easily identify them, also give important datas about their life cycle to better understand their habits and show informations about the ways that we can protect our orchards against them.

acta agraria debreceniensis

Review of the biology of plant psyllid (Cacopsylla pruni, Scopoli 1763), and its role in the spreading of European stone fruit yellows, ESFY-phytoplasma with Hungarian data