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Morphological and molecular analyses revealed that the Deltocephalinae leafhoppers Elymana kozhevnikovi and E. sulphurella are host to four bacteriocyte-associated microorganisms: Sulcia (phylum Bacteroidetes), Nasuia (phylum Proteobacteria, class Betaproteobacteria), Arsenophonus (phylum Proteobacteria, class Gammaproteobacteria) and Sodalis-like bacteria (phylum Proteobacteria, class Gammaproteobacteria). Ultrastructural observations showed that in some bacteriocytes, apart from Sulcia, small elongated, rod-shaped bacteria are likewise present. The use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed the occurrence of Sodalis-like bacteria in these bacteriocytes. Sodalis-like bacteria were also distributed in some cells of the bacteriome sheath. Nasuia and Arsenophonus co-existed in the same bacteriocytes. Moreover, Arsenophonus bacteria were dispersed in fat body cells. Wolbachia and Rickettsia were also detected alongside bacteriocyte-associated symbionts in E. kozhevnikovi and E. sulphurella. Sulcia, Nasuia, Arsenophonus and Sodalis-like bacteria are transovarially transmitted from one generation to the next.

folia biologica

An Unusual Symbiotic System in<i> Elymana kozhevnikovi</i> (Zachvatkin, 1938) and<i> Elymana sulphurella</i> (Zetterstedt, 1828) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)

An Unusual Symbiotic System in Elymana kozhevnikovi (Zachvatkin, 1938) and Elymana sulphurella (Zetterstedt, 1828) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)