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International audienceSerial learning has been studied in vertebrate species using two different methods. One consists of the successive presentation of several items, and the animal has to respond according to this order. As shown by a systematic enhanced recall of the items presented last (recency effect), short-term memory processes appear to play a determinant role at least at the beginning of successive serial learning. The second method consists of the presentation of all items simultaneously, and the animal learns the correct order of responding. Serial learning mechanisms involve various discriminative processes (special status of the first and last items, conditional discrimination learning, temporal distance to the reinforcer), rule learning and the development of a mental representation (linear or associative) of the series. These mechanisms appear to vary according to the species tested, and according to several experimental parameters, such as the serial learning method, the learning procedure and the series' length. Involvement of more elaborate processes does not seem to rule out involvement of less elaborate processes at the beginning of training or on early learning phases with a partial series which precede later phases with the entire series.Les mécanismes d'apprentissage sériel sont étudiés chez les vertébrés supérieurs grâce à deux types de protocoles. Dans l'un, l'animal doit reproduire l'ordre de présentation de plusieurs éléments présentés successivement, sollicitant fortement la mémoire à court terme. Dans l'autre, l'animal découvre l'ordre dans lequel il doit répondre à des éléments présentés simultanément. Les mécanismes d'apprentissage sériel incluent des processus discriminatifs, l'apprentissage de règles et le développement d'une représentation mentale. Ils ne s'excluent pas mutuellement pour un apprentissage donné, mais semblent varier selon l'espèce étudiée, et divers paramètres expérimentaux

Mécanismes d'apprentissage sériel chez les vertébrés