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One provision of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which went into effect on September 23, 2010, requires insurers who provide coverage for dependents to extend this benefit until dependents’ 26th birthday. Prior to ACA, twenty-six states required insurers to cover dependents into young adulthood, but this extension was often contingent upon the dependent’s college enrollment, marital status, and other factors. ACA created a uniform national policy and extended an existing federal tax benefit to parents who enrolled their adult children into their employer-based plans1 (see Box 1 on page 6 for details on eligibility for coverage under the ACA provision). Further, ACA requires that states provide coverage through age 25 to Medicaid recipients who turned 18 while in foster care.2 Researchers demonstrate that young adults—those age 19 to 25—have experienced a persistent lack of health insurance coverage since as early as 1982.3 Ageand life-stage-specific factors likely play a role in these low coverage rates. For example, young adults may be disproportionately concentrated in entry-level jobs without benefits, and, until recently, restrictions related to age and college enrollment rendered many young adults ineligible for coverage on their parent’s insurance plans. Recent polls suggest that three-quarters of young adults view health insurance as important, but many see cost as a barrier to obtaining coverage.4 Indeed, recognition of low coverage rates and the issue of affordability among young adults were considerations as policy architects and lawmakers crafted ACA. Since young adults were among the least likely to be insured—nearly one third of all uninsured persons in the United States in 2007 were young adults5—the expansion National Issue Brief #77 Fall 2014 University of New Hampshire

Health Insurance Among Young Adults Rebounds Post Recession: More Become Dependents on a Parent's Plan After ACA Extends Coverage to Adult Children