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Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) represents one of the main causes of pain in the orofacial region. The vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) refers to the vertical position of the mandible in relation to the maxilla, and its correct restoration is essential in prosthetic rehabilitation, as variations in this parameter can negatively influence TMD pictures. Objective: To evaluate the presence of temporomandibular dysfunction in patients with total prosthesis and its possible association with the reduction of vertical dimension of occlusion. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 31 volunteer patients, between 42 and 87 years old, of both sexes, being patients with total prosthesis, seen at the Clinic of Total Removable Prosthodontics of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora. The analysis of VDO reduction was performed through metrical, aesthetic and phonetic tests and the diagnosis of TMD was established from RDC/TMD Axis I (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders). Data was tabulated and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis in the program by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) version 15.0 for Windows. For the comparison of categorical variables between the TMD groups, the chisquare test was used with significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: According to the analysis, 71% of the individuals reported TMD symptoms and the majority of the patients were female. Although there was no statistically significant relationship between the loss of VDO and the presence of TMD, there was a correlation between the report of pain and the presence of the pathology (p<0.001). Conclusion: In view of the results obtained and the methodology applied, it was concluded that there was a considerable prevalence of TMD in patients wearing full dentures (71%), but when associating TMD with the reduction in the vertical dimension of occlusion, there was no statistical significance (p>0.05). Key-words: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Vertical Dimension; Total Prosthesis. Submetido: 31/10/2019 Aceito: 14/04/2020 Vívian Gonçalves Carvalho Souza1 Camila Moreira Lima1 Nataska de Oliveira Souza1 Jordana Dias Martins1 Laércio Almeida de Melo2 Fabíola Pessôa Pereira Leite1 1Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil. 2Departamento de Odontologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Correlação entre disfunção temporomandibular e redução de dimensão vertical de oclusão em usuários de prótese total Correlation between temporomandibular dysfunction and reduction of vertical dimension of occlusion on in total prosthesis users