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Fluoroquinolones are the second-generation members of quinolone antibiotics fluorinated in position 6 and bearing a piperazinyl moiety at position. They are considered to be the most effective Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens to combat infection caused by microorganisms that are resistant to other microbials, such as tetracyclines. Also, they have some activity against mycobacteria, mycoplasmas, rickettsias, and the protozoan Plasmodium falciparum [1–3]. There is a substantial body of literature related to both the mechanism of their action as DNA gyrase inhibitors and the influence of systematic structural modifications on their biological activity. Moxifloxacin (MXF) is {1-cyclopropyl-7-[2,8-diazobicyclo (4.3.0) nonane]-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-1,4 dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolone carboxylic acid}. Enrofloxacin (ENF) is (1-cyclopropyl-7-(4-ethyl-1piperazinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolone carboxylic acid) (Figure 1). MXF is fourth-generation synthetic broad-spectrum 8methoxy fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug derivatives. Due to their clinical advantages, MXF is receiving a great interest and there was an increase in number of their pharmaceutical dosage forms in the market in the recent past. Enrofloxacin is the first fluoroquinolone developed for veterinary application and is potentially available for the treatment of some urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin infectious diseases in pets and livestock [2]. There are no official (pharmacopoeia) methods that have been found for the assay of MXF in their pharmaceutical formulations. ENF is official in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) [4]. Several methods have been reported for the determination of fluoroquinolones either in pure forms, dosage forms, or biological fluids like chromatography [5–9], microchip electrophoresis [10], chiral counter-current chromatography [11], capillary zone electrophoresis [12], electrochemistry [13–15], atomic absorption spectrometry [16, 17], and spectrofluorimetry [18–20] and potentiometry [21]. However, these methods are expensive and not available at most quality control laboratories. For routine analysis of the studied drugs, a simple, rapid, and cost effective analytical method was required.

Utilization of Acid Dyes for Spectrophotometric Determination of Moxifloxacin and Enrofloxacin Hydrochlorides in Dosage Forms