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The Outsourcing of Football Stadium Foodservice Operations by NCAA Division I Athletic Programs Craig M. Crow The purpose of this study was to explore the current state of the outsourcing of foodservice operations by National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletic programs, particularly at their home football stadiums, in order to assist decision makers. Potential participants for this study were athletic administrators responsible for the oversight of football stadium foodservice operations at each NCAA member institution sponsoring the sport of football at the Division I level during the 2010-11 academic year as either an active or provisional member, as well as those institutions that had just added the sport of football but played a Division I schedule in 2010-11. Thus, the total population size for the study was 244. The number of responses usable for at least one of the analyses totaled 111 (45.5%). A majority (89.3%) of respondents reported that their institution had control to decide whether to self-operate or outsource foodservice operations at their institution‘s home football stadium. Of those Division I institutions with control over their football stadium foodservice operations, a greater percentage (59.8%) of responding institutions outsourced all or part of football stadium foodservice operations than self-operated (40.2%), which was slightly higher than past figures found in the literature. Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) institutions, particularly those from the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) conferences showed a preference toward outsourcing. Among responding institutions nationally recognized foodservice firms, particularly Sodexo, were clearly the most popular in terms of number of contracts. Replicating the work of Li and Burden (2002), benefit statements on outsourcing foodservice operations were combined into four different benefit inventories; however, no statistically significant differences (p < .05) were found between FBS and Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) institutions regarding agreement with the benefit inventories. When examining the relationship between foodservice operation method and inventories designed to measure satisfaction with various operations considerations, a significant difference (p < .05) was found in only one inventory, Human Resource Considerations. Finally, a backward stepwise logistic regression model revealed that only one of eight predictor variables, the Improvement in Administrative Efficiency benefit inventory, was found to be a significant predictor of whether an FBS athletic program outsourced its football stadium foodservice operations. Running Head: OUTSOURCING FOODSERVICE OPERATIONS iii

The Outsourcing of Football Stadium Foodservice Operations by National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Athletic Programs