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Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on the regulation of feed intake and body fat in the short term Valerie J. Shelton Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is known to decrease feed intake and body fat in mice. Our objectives were to determine the incorporation of CLA into tissues and the effect on serum hormones and arcuate neuropeptides during the first 7 d of CLA consumption. Mice (n=150; 9wk-old) were fed 0 (ad libitum or pair-fed to CLA-fed mice) or 2% CLA (ad libitum) for 1, 2, 3, 5, or 7 d. A body fat index was calculated; liver, adipose tissue, and brain were analyzed for fatty acid profiles; and serum insulin, leptin, and PYY were measured. CLA and pair-fed mice ate less (P< 0.05) than control mice on d 1, 2, 3, and 7, but CLA-fed mice were leaner than control mice only on d 7 (P< 0.01). CLA was detected in adipose tissue starting on d 2 and in liver on d 1, but CLA was not detectable in the brain. Serum insulin was increased in CLA-fed mice on day 5 (P<0.01) and 7 (P<0.05), and serum leptin was reduced (P<0.05) in CLA-fed mice compared to control mice on d 7. Serum PYY tended (P=0.07) to increase in CLA-fed mice on d 1 and 3. NPY was decreased (P<0.05) in CLA-fed mice compared to PF on d 7. The CLA-induced reduction in feed intake is not sufficient to cause the loss of body fat as pair-fed mice were not leaner than controls. The lack of CLA in the brain indicates that the effect on feed intake may indirect.