English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

10 páginas, 1 tabla, 2 figuras.We analysed the biodiversity of ascidians in two areas located in southern and northern Chile: Punta Arenas in the Strait of Magellan (53º\udlatitude, subantarctic) and Coquimbo (29º latitude, temperate). The oceanographic features of the two zones are markedly different, with\udinfluence of the Humboldt Current in the north, and the Cape Horn Current System, together with freshwater influxes, in the Magellanic\udzone. Both regions were surveyed twice during 2013 by SCUBA diving and pulling ropes and aquaculture cages. Both artificial structures\udand natural communities were sampled. A total of 22 species were identified, three of them reported for the first time in Chilean waters:\udLissoclinum perforatum, Synoicum georgianum, and Polyzoa minor. The first is an introduced species found here for the first time in the\udPacific. No species occurred in both regions, highlighting the very different environmental conditions of subantarctic vs. temperate waters. In\udspite of exhaustive searches in aquaculture facilities and on artificial structures such as harbour docks and piers, no introduced species were\udfound in the Punta Arenas area. Conversely, 5 out of 11 (45%) species found in northern Chile were introduced. The Coquimbo area has a\udhistory of ship traffic dating back at least 150 years, and cultures of native (e.g. scallop) as well as exotic species (e.g. abalone) have been\uddeployed for ca. 35 years. Some of the introduced species, such as Ciona robusta (formerly C. intestinalis sp. A), constitute pests for scallop\udculture facilities in the area, causing serious losses to local farmers. It is surprising that the Punta Arenas zone, with a history of ship traffic\uddating back ca. 500 years and over 25 years of sustained mussel and salmon aquaculture activity, is apparently free from introduced species.\udThe ascidian cover on artificial structures is high, but it is made up of native species such as Paramolgula sp., Cnemidocarpa verrucosa, or\udPolyzoa opuntia. It is hypothesized that cold waters (5 to 11ºC) are the determining factor hindering the development of introduced ascidians,\udwhich tend to be temperate-warm water species. The ongoing warming in the Southern Cone may change this picture and continued\udmonitoring is strongly advised.This research was\udfunded by CONICYT Chile (Grant 80122006). Additional\udfunding was obtained by XT from the Spanish Government\ud(project CHALLENGEN CTM2013-48163) and by JIC from\udUniversity of Magallanes - UMAG/DI&P Grant PR-F2-01CRN-\ud12, CIMAR 18 & CIMAR 20 Fjords Chilean Navy, and GAIAAntarctic\udProject (MINEDUC-UMAG). RMR received a research\udgrant from CNPq–National Counsel of Technological and\udScientific Development (304768/2010-3).Peer reviewe

Too cold for invasions? Contrasting patterns of native and introduced ascidians in subantarctic and temperate Chile