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Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, RWTH Aachen University,Mies-van-der-Rohe-Strase 17, 52056 Aachen, Germany; E-Mails: benjamin.sinaba@web.de (B.P.S.);schuettrumpf@iww.rwth-aachen.de (H.S.)* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: Bernhard.Becker@deltares.nl;Tel.: +31-6-5241-6736.Academic Editor: Philip A. BrunnerReceived: 19 September 2014 / Accepted: 26 February 2015 / Published: 17 March 2015Abstract: For predictive numerical simulations of subsurface oods (groundwater head risedue to high water in a contiguous river), it is important to know how to represent the bankstorage process in a numerical groundwater model. Whilst leakage approaches are frequentlyused for modeling bank storage, another option is the application of a head boundarycondition. In order to get a better understanding of the bank storage process, we analyze thebank storage event in the Neuwieder Becken (Middle Rhine) in April 1983, which has beenreported by Ubell (1987). We found the leakage function to be nonlinear and hysteretic. Theevaluation of different model variants for Ubell’s bank storage event shows that both a headboundary condition and a leakage boundary condition are appropriate modeling approaches.For practical reasons, the leakage boundary condition is preferred. A linear leakage functionrepresents the bank storage process for the analyzed event sufciently. A hysteretic course ofthe leakage function can be achieved in a three-dimensional groundwater model by layeringthe hydraulic soil properties in the vicinity of the bank.

On the Modeling of Bank Storage in a Groundwater Model: The April, 1983, Flood Event in the Neuwieder Becken (Middle Rhine)