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In this study, we attempt to establish an alternative method for estimating the groundwater levels and the specific yields of an unconfined aquifer for the evaluation of potential groundwater reservoirs. We first converted the inverted resistivity into the normalized water content. Then, we inverted the parameters of the Brooks-Corey model from the vertical profiles of the water content by assuming that the suction head was in proportion to the elevation regarding a predefined base level. Lastly, we estimated the groundwater level, the theoretical specific yield, and the specific yield capacity from the Brooks-Corey parameters at every survey site in the study area. The contour maps of the time-lapse groundwater levels show that the groundwater flows downstream, with a higher hydraulic gradient near the river channel than in the area away from the main channel. We conclude that the estimated maximum specific yield capacities are consistent with that derived from the pumping tests in the nearby observation well. Additionally, the specific yield capacities are only three quarters to two thirds of the theoretical specific yields derived from the difference between the residual and saturated water contents in the Brooks-Corey model. We conclude that the distribution pattern of the specific yields had been subjected to the distribution of natural river sediments in the Minzu Basin, since the modern channel was artificially modified. Although we had to make some simple assumptions for the estimations, the results show that the surface resistivity surveys provide reasonable estimations of the hydraulic parameters for a preliminary assessment in an area with few available wells.

Using Time-Lapse Resistivity Imaging Methods to Quantitatively Evaluate the Potential of Groundwater Reservoirs