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Azo dye wastewater belongs to the highly concentrated organic wastewater, which is difficult to be treated by traditional biological processes. The oxidation efficiency of a single physicochemical method is not considerable. Recent research indicated that the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (∙OH) became one of the preferred methods in dealing with such dye wastewater. In this paper, the typical azo dye, reactive brilliant red X-3B, was employed as the target pollutant, and the transition metal Mn and hydrogen peroxide as the catalysts. A photo-Fenton-like process, UV/Mn2+-H2O2 system, was established, which enables a combination of various technologies to improve azo dye degradation efficiency while reducing disposal costs. The results indicated that the UV/Mn2+-H2O2 system had the synergism of Mn2+/H2O2 and UV/H2O2, which was 2.6 times greater than the sum of the two individual effects. And the degradation of X-3B reached the optimum under the conditions of 0.59 mmol/L of the Mn2+, 10 mmol/L of the H2O2, pH = 6 and a high level of DO. The ∙OH, generated from chem-catalytic and photocatalytic decomposition of H2O2, played the predominant role in the decolorization of X-3B and mineralization of its intermediates. The ∙OH tended to attack and break the chromophore group, resulting in the rapid decolorization of X-3B. The azo bond in X-3B was easy to be decomposed in the form of N2, while the triazinyl group was recalcitrant for ring opening. The degradation process of the UV/Mn2+-H2O2 system preferred to be conducted at an acidic condition and appropriate concentrations of Mn2+ and H2O2. The alkaline condition would decrease the utilization of H2O2, and excessive H2O2 would also quench the ∙OH.

Degradation of Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B by Photo-Fenton-like Process: Effects of Water Chemistry Factors and Degradation Mechanism