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In regional studies, reanalysis datasets can extend precipitation time series with insufficient observations. In the present study, the ERA5 precipitation dataset was compared to observational datasets from meteorological stations in nine different precipitation zones of Iran (0.125° × 0.125° grid box) for the period 2000–2018, and measurement criteria and skill detection criteria were applied to analyze the datasets. The results of the daily analysis revealed that the correlation between ERA5 and observed precipitation were larger than 0.5 at 90% of stations. Also, The daily standard relative bias indicated that precipitation was overestimated in zone 6. As detection criteria, the frequency bias index (FBI) and proportion correct (PC) showed that the ERA5 data could capture daily precipitation events. Correlation confidence comparisons between the ERA5 and observational time series at daily, monthly, and seasonal scales revealed that the correlation confidence was higher at monthly and seasonal scales. The standard relative bias results at monthly and seasonal scales followed the daily relative bias results, and most of the ERA5 underestimations during the summer belonged to zone 1 in the coastal area of the Caspian Sea with convective precipitation. In addition, some complex mountainous regions were associated with overestimated precipitation, especially in northwest Iran (zone 6) in different time scales.

Evaluation of ERA5 Precipitation Accuracy Based on Various Time Scales over Iran during 2000–2018