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Emergency abdominal surgery carries high morbidity and mortality rates in human medicine; however, there is less evidence characterising the outcome of these surgeries as a single group in dogs. The aim of the study was to characterise the clinical course, associated complications and outcome of dogs undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. A retrospective study was conducted. Dogs undergoing emergency laparotomy were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables correlated with death and complications. Eighty-two dogs were included in the study. The most common reason for surgery was a gastrointestinal foreign body. Overall, the 15-day mortality rate was 20.7% (17/82). The median (range) length of hospitalisation was 3 (0.5-15) days. Of the 82 patients, 24 (29.3%) developed major complications and 66 (80.5%) developed minor complications. Perioperative factors significantly associated with death included tachycardia ( p &lt; 0.001), hypothermia ( p &lt; 0.001), lactate acidosis ( p &lt; 0.001), shock index &gt; 1 ( p &lt; 0.001), leukopenia ( p &lt; 0.001) and thrombocytopenia ( p &lt; 0.001) at admission, as well as intraoperative hypotension ( p &lt; 0.001) and perioperative use of blood products ( p &lt; 0.001). The results of this study suggest that mortality and morbidity rates after emergency abdominal surgery in dogs are high.

Perioperative Outcome in Dogs Undergoing Emergency Abdominal Surgery: A Retrospective Study on 82 Cases (2018–2020)