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The immune-suppressive effects of omega-3 ( n- 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on T cells have been observed via multiple in vitro and in vivo models. However, the precise mechanism that causes these effects is still undefined. In this study, we investigated whether n -3 PUFAs regulated T cell receptor (TCR) and peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) interactions. The expansion of anti-viral CD8+ T cells that endogenously synthesize n -3 PUFAs (FAT-1) dramatically decreased upon lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in vivo. This decrease was not caused by the considerable reduction of TCR expression or the impaired chemotactic activity of T cells. Interestingly, a highly inclined and laminated optical sheet (HILO) microscopic analysis revealed that the TCR motility was notably reduced on the surface of the FAT-1 CD8+ T cells compared to the wild type (WT) CD8+ T cells. Importantly, the adhesion strength of the FAT-1 CD8+ T cells to the peptide-MHC was significantly lower than that of the WT CD8+T cells. Consistent with this result, treatment with docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ), one type of n -3 PUFA, significantly decreased CD8+ T cell adhesion to the pMHC. Collectively, our results reveal a novel mechanism through which n -3 PUFAs decrease TCR-pMHC interactions by modulating TCR mobility on CD8+ T cell surfaces.

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Impede the TCR Mobility and the TCR–pMHC Interaction of Anti-Viral CD8+ T Cells