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Dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika are diseases caused by viruses transmitted by  Aedes aegypti  and  Aedes albopictus . In Brazil, the number of human infections is high, but few studies are performed in mosquito vectors. This study aimed to investigate the presence of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in  Ae. aegypti  and  Ae. albopictus  from the municipalities of Alto Alegre, Caxias, Codó, and São Mateus do Maranhão, located in the state of Maranhão, Northeast Brazil. The mosquitoes were collected with a mechanical aspirator, identified, triturated, and then submitted to RNA extraction and RT-qPCR. The positive samples were confirmed by virus isolation and genome sequencing. Three hundred and forty-eight  Ae. aegypti  (176 males and 172 females) and 12  Ae. albopictus  (eight males and four females) were collected and tested.  Ae. aegypti  was the only vector positive in two municipalities—Codó, with detection of  Chikungunya virus  (CHIKV) belonging to the East-Central-South African genotype, and in Caxias, with detection of  Dengue virus  (DENV)-2 belonging to the Asian/American genotype. The detection of CHIKV and DENV-2 is evidence that those viruses are maintained in arthropod vectors, and shows the epidemiological risk in the area for chikungunya cases and a possible increase of severe dengue cases, associated with the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Natural Infection of Aedes aegypti by Chikungunya and Dengue type 2 Virus in a Transition Area of North-Northeast Brazil