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Since the largest 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa,understanding of Ebola virus infection has improved, notably the involvement ofinnate immune mediators. Amongst them, collectins are important players in theantiviral innate immune defense. A screening of Ebola glycoprotein(GP)-collectins interactions revealed the specific interaction of humansurfactant protein D (hSP-D), a lectin expressed in lung and liver, twocompartments where Ebola was found in vivo. Further analyses have demonstratedan involvement of hSP-D in the enhancement of virus infection in several invitro models. Similar effects were observed for porcine SP-D (pSP-D). Inaddition, both hSP-D and pSP-D interacted with Reston virus (RESTV) GP andenhanced pseudoviral infection in pulmonary cells. Thus, our study reveals anovel partner of Ebola GP that may participate to enhance viral spread.

Involvement of Surfactant Protein D in Ebola Virus Infection Enhancement via Glycoprotein Interaction