English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The internal microbiome of common cat and dog fleas was studied for DNA evidence of pathogenic bacteria. Fleas were grouped in pools by parasitized animal. DNA was extracted and investigated with 16S metagenomics for medically relevant (MR) bacteria, based on the definitions of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (WHO). The MR bacterial species totaled 40, were found in 60% of flea-pools (N = 100), and included Acinetobacter  baumannii , Bacteroides  fragilis , Clostridium  perfringens , Enterococcus  faecalis , E . mundtii , Fusobacterium  nucleatum , Haemophilus  aegyptius , Kingella  kingae , Klebsiella  pneumoniae , Leptotrichia  buccalis , L . hofstadii , Moraxella  lacunata , Pasteurella  multocida , Propionibacterium  acnes , P . propionicum , Proteus  mirabilis , Pseudomonas  aeruginosa , Rickettsia  australis , R . hoogstraalii , Salmonella  enterica , and various Bartonella , Staphylococcus , and Streptococcus species. B . henselae ( p = 0.004) and B . clarridgeiae ( p = 0.006) occurred more frequently in fleas from cats, whereas Rickettsia  hoogstraalii ( p = 0.031) and Propionibacterium  acnes ( p = 0.029) had a preference in fleas from stray animals. Most of the discovered MR species can form biofilm, and human exposure may theoretically occur through the flea-host interface. The fitness of these pathogenic bacteria to cause infection and the potential role of fleas in the transmission of a broad range of diseases should be further investigated.

tropical medicine and infectious disease

Molecular Evidence of a Broad Range of Pathogenic Bacteria in Ctenocephalides spp.: Should We Re-Examine the Role of Fleas in the Transmission of Pathogens?