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The system identification of a ship dynamics model is crucial for the intelligent navigation and design of the ship’s controller. The fluid dynamic effect and the complicated geometry of the hull surface cause a nonlinear or asymmetrical behavior, and it is extremely difficult to establish a ship dynamics model. A nonparametric model based on sparse Gaussian process regression with similarity was proposed for the dynamic modeling of a ship. It solves the problem, wherein the kernel method is difficult to apply to big data, using similarity to sparse large sample datasets. In addition, the experimental data of the KVLCC2 ship are used to verify the validity of the proposed method. The results show that sparse Gaussian process regression with similarity can be applied to the learning of a large sample data, in order to obtain ship motion prediction with higher accuracy than the parameterized model. Moreover, in the case of sensor signal loss, the identified model continues to provide accurate ship speed and trajectory information in the future, and the maximum prediction error of the motion trajectory within 100 s is only 0.59 m.

Identification of Ship Dynamics Model Based on Sparse Gaussian Process Regression with Similarity