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The heterogeneous structures in a gas–solid fluidized bed can be resolved in discrete element simulation so long as the grid is fine enough. In order to conveniently calculate mean porosity in fine grid simulations, a precise area fraction model is given for two-dimensional simulations. The proposed area fraction model is validated by the discrete element simulation test on a small-scale internal circulation fluidized system of large particles, using a fine grid size of two particle diameters. Simulations show that the discrete element method can perform well in modelling time-varying waveforms for the physical quantities in an internal circulating fluidized bed, employing the precise gas area fraction model. This thought of precise calculation can be generalized to construct a volume fraction porosity model for three-dimensional simulation by use of the similar symmetry of a rectangular grid. Moreover, to construct these area and volume fraction models is to enrich and perfect the underlying model of fine grid simulation.

Use of Precise Area Fraction Model for Fine Grid DEM Simulation of ICFB with Large Particles