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Gasification under steam excess of the residual from mechanical treatment of municipal solid waste (RMT-MSW, refuse derived fuel (RDF)-type) was investigated in a laboratory batch reactor, equipped with a section for high-temperature gas equilibration. Experiments were performed with recirculation of the condensate and residual tars/oils, for closing of the process loop. Gas emissions were registered at 300–500 °C (pyrolysis; maximum at 390 °C) and 650–800 °C (gasification; maximum at 740 °C). Peak areas, equivalent to the gas volume, were in a general proportion of 55:45. Mass of tars and oils collected together with condensing steam was only equal to 0.15% of the average weight loss of the RMT-MSW. Ninety-seven percent of organic compounds, mainly naphthalene, phenanthrene and derivatives, was separable by a simple filtration. Concentration of metals in aqueous condensate was equal to 135 mg/dm3, 98.5% by mass was potassium and sodium ions. Concentration of NH4+ was equal to 2.49 g/dm3 (mostly carbonate). According to the thermodynamic evaluation, volume of the process gas was equal to 2.11 m3 (dry, 25 °C, 1 bar) per 1 kg of the dry waste. Standard enthalpy of the gas combustion was 24.6 MJ/kg of the dry waste; approximately 16% of this energy was due to endothermicity of the process.

Intensity of the Process Gas Emission from the Thermal Treatment of the 60–340 mm MSW Fraction under Steam