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Visible light communications (VLC) is gaining interest as one of the enablersof short-distance, high-data-rate applications, in future beyond 5G networks.Moreover, non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA)-enabled schemes have recentlyemerged as a promising multiple-access scheme for these networks that wouldallow realization of the target spectral efficiency and user fairnessrequirements. The integration of NOMA in the widely adopted orthogonalfrequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based VLC networks would require anoptimal resource allocation for the pair or the cluster of users sharing thesame subcarrier(s). In this paper, the max-min rate of a multi-cell indoorcentralized VLC network is maximized through optimizing user pairing,subcarrier allocation, and power allocation. The joint complex optimizationproblem is tackled using a low-complexity solution. At first, the user pairingis assumed to follow the divide-and-next-largest-difference user-pairingalgorithm (D-NLUPA) that can ensure fairness among the different clusters.Then, subcarrier allocation and power allocation are solved iteratively throughboth the Simulated Annealing (SA) meta-heuristic algorithm and the bisectionmethod. The obtained results quantify the achievable max-min user rates for thedifferent relevant variants of NOMA-enabled schemes and shed new light on boththe performance and design of multi-user multi-carrier NOMA-enabled centralizedVLC networks.

On the Achievable Max-Min User Rates in Multi-Carrier Centralized NOMA-VLC Networks