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Early diagnosis is vital for the reduction of mortality caused by neonatal infections. Since TNF-α can be used as a marker for the early diagnosis, the detection of TNF-α with high sensitivity and specificity has great clinical significance. Herein, a highly sensitive and reusable electrochemical sensor was fabricated. Due to the high specificity of aptamers, TNF-α could be accurately detected from five similar cytokines, even from serum samples. In addition, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) with a high surface area were able to combine a large number of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOXh), which made the sensor have a high sensitivity. The sensor had a good linear relationship with TNF-α concentration in the range from 1 to 1 × 10⁴ pg/mL and the lowest detection limit is 0.7 pg/mL. More important was that the sensor could be reused 6 times by a crafty use of chain replacement reaction. Meanwhile, the detection time and cost were greatly reduced. Thus, we believe that these advantages of higher specificity and sensitivity, lower cost, and shorter detection time will provide a stronger potential for early diagnosis of neonatal infections in clinical applications.

High Sensitivity Determination of TNF-α for Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Infections with a Novel and Reusable Electrochemical Sensor