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This paper discusses the potential and limitations of high-resolution P-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (PolInSAR) in underlying topography estimation over forest areas. Time-frequency (TF) analysis in the azimuth direction is utilized to separate the ground scattering contribution from the total PolInSAR signal, without the use of any physical model, because the P-band PolInSAR data have a significant penetration depth and sufficient observation angle interval. To achieve this goal, a one-dimensional polynomial fitting (PF) method is proposed for correcting the residual motion error (RME). The Krycklan catchment test site, which is covered with pine forest, was selected to test the performance of the digital elevation model (DEM) inversion. The results show that the PF method can correct the RMEs for the sub-look interferograms well. When compared to the existing line-fit method, the TF+PF method can provide a more accurate DEM (the accuracy is improved by 26.9%). Moreover, the performance of the DEM inversion is free from the random-volume-over-ground assumption.

Underlying Topography Estimation over Forest Areas Using High-Resolution P-Band Single-Baseline PolInSAR Data