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The mission of Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) is scheduled to be launchedin 2022, and global ocean eddies with radius scales of larger than 10 km are expected to be observedfrom space. However, there are still open questions about the capability of SWOT to detect oceaneddies. Based on ocean model data and SWOT orbit, this study simulates along-track observationof SWOT. Two eddy datasets are derived from simulated observation data via mapping and eddyidentification procedures, one of which includes SWOT errors and the other does not. The thirdeddy dataset is generated from the original model data. Through comparing these three eddydatasets, it is found that 34% (40%) eddies are lost due to insufficient temporal sampling and errorsin the Kuroshio Extension (South China Sea) region, and numerous artifact eddies are generated.To further explain the influence of SWOT errors on smaller-scale eddies, two eddies (a cyclonic eddyand an anticyclonic eddy) with the radius of about 10 km are repeatedly observed 100 times usingthe SWOT-simulator. The cyclonic eddy with larger amplitude has been detected 84 times, whilethe anticyclonic eddy is visible 76 times. Therefore, the influence of the SWOT sampling and errorson ocean eddy observation is revealed by the results of these observing system simulationexperiments (OSSEs).

An Investigation of the Influences of SWOT Sampling and Errors on Ocean Eddy Observation