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The problem of phase unwrapping (PU) in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR) is caused by the measured range differences being ambiguous with the wavelength. Therefore, multi-baseline (MB) is a key processing step of MB InSAR. Compared with the traditional single-baseline (SB) PU, MB PU is advantageous in solving steep terrain due to its ability to break through the constraint of the phase continuity assumption. However, the accuracy of most of the existing MB PU methods is still limited to its mathematical foundation, i.e., the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) is too sensitive to measurement bias. To solve this issue, this paper presents a refined algorithm based on the two-stage programming MB PU approach (TSPA) proposed by H. Yu. The significant advantage of the refined TSPA method (abbreviated as LPM-TSPA) is that it improves the performance of stage 1 of TSPA through assuming terrain height surface in the neighborhood pixels can be approximated by a plane to combine more information of the interferometric phase in the local region to estimate the ambiguity number gradient. The experiment results indicate that the LPM-TSPA method can significantly improve the accuracy of the MB PU solution.

Refined Two-Stage Programming-Based Multi-Baseline Phase Unwrapping Approach Using Local Plane Model