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This comprehensive review begins by tracing the historical development andprogress of cold plasma technology as an innovative approach to polymerengineering. The study emphasizes the versatility of cold plasma derived from avariety of sources including low-pressure glow discharges (e.g., radiofrequencycapacitively coupled plasmas) and atmospheric pressure plasmas (e.g.,dielectric barrier devices, piezoelectric plasmas). It critically examines keyoperational parameters such as reduced electric field, pressure, dischargetype, gas type and flow rate, substrate temperature, gap, and how thesevariables affect the properties of the synthesized or modified polymers. Thisreview also discusses the application of cold plasma in polymer surfacemodification, underscoring how changes in surface properties (e.g.,wettability, adhesion, biocompatibility) can be achieved by controlling varioussurface processes (etching, roughening, crosslinking, functionalization,crystallinity). A detailed examination of Plasma-Enhanced Chemical VaporDeposition (PECVD) reveals its efficacy in producing thin polymeric films froman array of precursors. Yasuda's models, Rapid Step-Growth Polymerization(RSGP) and Competitive Ablation Polymerization (CAP), are explained asfundamental mechanisms underpinning plasma-assisted deposition andpolymerization processes. Then, the wide array of applications of cold plasmatechnology is explored, from the biomedical field, where it is used in creatingsmart drug delivery systems and biodegradable polymer implants, to its role inenhancing the performance of membrane-based filtration systems crucial forwater purification, gas separation, and energy production. It investigates thepotential for improving the properties of bioplastics and the excitingprospects for developing self-healing materials using this technology.

From Basics to Frontiers: A Comprehensive Review of Plasma-Modified and Plasma-Synthesized Polymer Films