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Three kinds of hydrophobic groups grafted starches of maleic anhydride grafted starch (MAH- g -starch), lactic acid grafted starch (LA- g -starch), and methyl acrylate grafted starch (MA- g -starch) were prepared by in situ solid phase polymerization. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed successful grafting. The grafting ratios of MAH- g -starch, LA- g -starch, and MA- g -starch were 6.50%, 12.45%, and 0.57%, respectively. Influenced by the grafting ratio, LA- g -starch had the best relative hydrophobicity and the largest molecular weight, and those for MA- g -starch were the worst. The surfaces of grafted starches were covered with graft polymer, with obvious surface roughness and bond degree of MAH- g -starch and LA- g -starch. The crystalline structure of grafted starches showed some damage, with LA- g -starch exhibiting the greatest decrease in crystallinity, and less of a change for MA- g -starch. Overall, the grafting reaction improved thermoplasticity, with LA- g -starch the most improved, followed by MAH- g -starch, and then MA- g -starch.

Preparation and Characterization of Hydrophobically Grafted Starches by In Situ Solid Phase Polymerization