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Similar to animals, it has recently been proven that nitro-fatty acids such as nitro-linolenic acid and nitro-oleic acid (NO 2 -OA) have relevant physiological roles as signalling molecules also in plants. Although NO 2 -OA is of great therapeutic importance, its presence in plants as a free fatty acid has not been observed so far. Since Brassica napus (oilseed rape) is a crop with high oleic acid content, the abundance of NO 2 -OA in its tissues can be assumed. Therefore, we quantified NO 2 -OA in B. napus seeds and differently developed seedlings. In all samples, NO 2 -OA was detectable at nanomolar concentrations. The seeds showed the highest NO 2 -OA content, which decreased during germination. In contrast, nitric oxide ( ● NO) levels increased in the early stages of germination and seedling growth. Exogenous NO 2 -OA treatment (100 µM, 24 h) of Brassica seeds resulted in significantly increased ●NO level and induced germination capacity compared to untreated seeds. The results of in vitro approaches (4-Amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM) fluorescence, ● NO -sensitive electrode) supported the ● NO liberating capacity of NO 2 -OA. We observed for the first time that Brassica seeds and seedlings contain free NO 2 -OA which may be involved in germination as an ● NO donor as suggested both by the results of exogenous NO 2 -OA treatment of seeds and in vitro approaches. Due to their high NO 2 -&amp;nbsp;OA content, Brassica sprouts can be considered as a good source of dietary NO 2 -OA intake.

Nitro-Oleic Acid in Seeds and Differently Developed Seedlings of Brassica napus L.