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Brassicaceae  species employ both self-compatibility and self-incompatibility systems to regulate post-pollination events.  Arabidopsis halleri  is strictly self-incompatible, while the closely related  Arabidopsis thaliana  has transitioned to self-compatibility with the loss of functional  S -locus genes during evolution. The downstream signaling protein, ARC1, is also required for the self-incompatibility response in some  Arabidopsis  and  Brassica  species, and its gene is deleted in the  A. thaliana  genome. In this study, we attempted to reconstitute the SCR-SRK-ARC1 signaling pathway to restore self-incompatibility in  A. thaliana  using genes from  A. halleri  and  B. napus , respectively. Several of the transgenic  A. thaliana  lines expressing the  A. halleri   SCR 13 -SRK 13 -ARC1  transgenes displayed self-incompatibility, while all the transgenic  A. thaliana  lines expressing the  B. napus   SCR 1 -SRK 1 -ARC1  transgenes failed to show any self-pollen rejection. Furthermore, our results showed that the intensity of the self-incompatibility response in transgenic  A. thaliana  plants was not associated with the expression levels of the transgenes. Thus, this suggests that there are differences between the  Arabidopsis  and  Brassica  self-incompatibility signaling pathways, which perhaps points to the existence of other factors downstream of  B. napus   SRK  that are absent in  Arabidopsis  species.

Generation of Transgenic Self-Incompatible Arabidopsis thaliana Shows a Genus-Specific Preference for Self-Incompatibility Genes