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Transcriptome-based dose-response curves were recently applied to the phytodosimetry of gamma radiation in a dicot plant, Arabidopsis thaliana , as an alternative biological assessment of genotoxicity using DNA damage response (DDR) genes. In the present study, we characterized gamma ray-responsive marker genes for transcriptome-based phytodosimetry in a monocot plant, rice ( Oryza sativa L.), and compared different phytodosimetry models between rice and Arabidopsis using gamma-H2AX, comet, and quantitative transcriptomic assays. The transcriptome-based dose-response curves of four marker genes ( OsGRG, OsMutS , OsRAD51 , and OsRPA1 ) were reliably fitted to quadratic or exponential decay equations ( r  2 &gt; 0.99). However, the single or integrated dose-response curves of these genes were distinctive from the conventional models obtained by the gamma-H2AX or comet assays. In comparison, rice displayed a higher dose-dependency in the comet signal and OsRAD51 transcription, while the gamma-H2AX induction was more dose-dependent in Arabidopsis . The dose-dependent transcriptions of the selected gamma-ray-inducible marker genes, including OsGRG , OsMutS , OsRAD51 , and OsRPA1 in rice and AtGRG , AtPARP1 , AtRAD51 , and AtRPA1E in Arabidopsis , were maintained similarly at different vegetative stages. These results suggested that the transcriptome-based phytodosimetry model should be further corrected with conventional genotoxicity- or DDR-based models despite the high reliability or dose-dependency of the model. In addition, the relative weighting of each gene in the integrated transcriptome-based dose-response model using multiple genes needs to be considered based on the trend and amplitude of the transcriptional change.

Application of Gamma Ray-Responsive Genes for Transcriptome-Based Phytodosimetry in Rice