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We review the main scientific pictures of the universe developed from ancienttimes to Albert Einstein and underline that all of them treated the universe asa stationary system with unchanged physical properties. In contrast to this,100 years ago Alexander Friedmann predicted that the universe expands startingfrom the point of infinitely large energy density. We briefly discuss thephysical meaning of this prediction and its experimental confirmationconsisting of the discovery of redshift in the spectra of remote galaxies andrelic radiation. After mentioning the horizon problem in the theory of the hotuniverse, the inflationary model is considered in connection with the conceptof quantum vacuum as an alternative to the inflaton field. The acceleratedexpansion of the universe is discussed as powered by the cosmological constantoriginating from the quantum vacuum. The conclusion is made that sinceAlexander Friedmann's prediction of the universe expansion radically alteredour picture of the world in comparison with the previous epochs, his nameshould be put on a par with the names of Ptolemy and Copernicus.

Centenary of Alexander Friedmann's Prediction of the Universe Expansion and the Quantum Vacuum