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A novel series of quinoline derivatives of combretastatin A-4 incorporating rigid hydrazone and a cyclic oxadiazole linkers were synthesized and have demonstrated potent tubulin polymerization inhibitory properties. Many of these novel derivatives have shown significant antiproliferative activities in the submicromolar range. The most potent compound, 19h , demonstrated superior IC 50 values ranging from 0.02 to 0.04 µM against four cancer cell lines while maintaining low cytotoxicity in MCF-10A non-cancer cells, thereby suggesting 19h 's selectivity towards proliferating cancer cells. In addition to tubulin polymerization inhibition, 19h caused cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Collectively, these findings indicate that 19h holds potential for further investigation as a potent chemotherapeutic agent targeting tubulin.

Potent Quinoline-Containing Combretastatin A-4 Analogues: Design, Synthesis, Antiproliferative, and Anti-Tubulin Activity