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We present a systematic analysis of heavy-flavour production in theunderlying event in connection to a leading hard process in pp collisions at$\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, using the PYTHIA 8 Monte Carlo event generator. We compareresults from events selected by triggering on the leading hadron, as well asthose triggered with reconstructed jets. We show that the kinematics ofheavy-flavour fragmentation complicates the characterisation of the underlyingevent, and the usual method which uses the leading charged final-state hadronas a trigger may wash away the connection between the leading process and theheavy-flavour particle created in association with that. Events triggered withlight or heavy-flavour jets, however, retain this connection and bring moredirect information on the underlying heavy-flavour production process, but mayalso import unwanted sensitivity to gluon radiation. The methods outlined inthe current work provide means to verify model calculations for light andheavy-flavour production in the jet and the underlying event in great details.

Defining the Underlying-Event Activity in the Presence of Heavy-Flavour Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at LHC Energies