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Nickel- and zinc-doped TiO 2 (B) nanobelts were synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. It was found that the incorporation of 5 at.% Ni into bronze TiO 2 expanded the unit cell by 4%. Furthermore, Ni dopant induced the 3 d energy levels within TiO 2 (B) band structure and oxygen defects, narrowing the band gap from 3.28 eV (undoped) to 2.70 eV. Oppositely, Zn entered restrictedly into TiO 2 (B), but nonetheless, improves its electronic properties ( E  g is narrowed to 3.21 eV). The conductivity of nickel- (2.24 × 10 -8 S·cm -1 ) and zinc-containing (3.29 × 10 -9 S·cm -1 ) TiO 2 (B) exceeds that of unmodified TiO 2 (B) (1.05 × 10 -10 S·cm -1 ). When tested for electrochemical storage, nickel-doped mesoporous TiO 2 (B) nanobelts exhibited improved electrochemical performance. For lithium batteries, a reversible capacity of 173 mAh·g -1 was reached after 100 cycles at the current load of 50 mA·g -1 , whereas, for unmodified and Zn-doped samples, around 140 and 151 mAh·g -1 was obtained. Moreover, Ni doping enhanced the rate capability of TiO 2 (B) nanobelts (104 mAh·g -1 at a current density of 1.8 A·g -1 ). In terms of sodium storage, nickel-doped TiO 2 (B) nanobelts exhibited improved cycling with a stabilized reversible capacity of 97 mAh·g -1 over 50 cycles at the current load of 35 mA·g -1 .

Enhancing Lithium and Sodium Storage Properties of TiO2(B) Nanobelts by Doping with Nickel and Zinc