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A new sesquiterpenoid ( 1 ) was obtained by hydrogenating Chlojaponilactone B. The structure of 1 was elucidated according to a combination of NMR, HRESIMS, and NOE diffraction data. The treatment of H 2 O 2 in a PC12 cell model was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of 1 . An MMT assay showed that 1 had no cytotoxicity to the PC12 cell and rescued cell viability from the oxidative damage caused by H 2 O 2 . The treatment of 1 stabilized the mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), which decreased the intracellular ROS level and reduced cell apoptosis in the oxidative stress model. The activities of antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the content of intracellular glutathione (GSH) were significantly enhanced after the treatment of 1 . In addition, the results of qRT-PCR showed that 1 treatment minimized the cell injury by H 2 O 2 via the up-regulation of the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream enzymes Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), glutamate cysteine ligase-modifier subunit (GCLm), and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (Nqo1). Based on the antioxidant activity of 1 , we speculated its potential as a therapeutic agent for some diseases induced by oxidative damage.

Neuroprotective Effects of a New Derivative of Chlojaponilactone B against Oxidative Damaged Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in PC12 Cells