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Eight new cytochalasins  1 – 8  and ten known analogs  9 – 18  were isolated from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. xz-18. The planar structures of the cytochalasins were determined by HR-ESI-MS and NMR analysis. Compounds  1 ,  2 ,  9  and  10  were 5/6/6/7/5-fused pentacyclic cytochalasins; compounds  3  and  4  had conjugated diene structures in the macrocycle; and compound  6  had a β,γ-unsaturated ketone. The absolute configuration of 6 was confirmed for the first time by the octant rule. The acid-free purification process proved that the pentacyclic system was a natural biosynthetic product and not an acid-mediated intramolecular cyclized artifact. The new compounds did not exhibit activities against human cancer cell lines in cytotoxicity bioassays or antipathogenic fungal activity, but compounds  1 ,  3  and  4  showed moderate antibacterial activity in disk diffusion assays.

Pentacyclic Cytochalasins and Their Derivatives from the Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp. xz-18