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The conjunctival bacterial resident and opportunistic flora of dogs may represent a major source of dissemination of pathogens throughout the environment or to other animals and humans. Nevertheless, contamination with bacteria from external sources is common. In this context, the study of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern may represent an indicator of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains exchange. The present study was focused on a single predisposed breed—Saint Bernard. The evaluated animals were healthy, but about half had a history of ocular disease/treatment. The swabs collected from conjunctival sacs were evaluated by conventional microbiological cultivation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). The most prevalent Gram-positive was  Staphylococcus  spp.; regardless of the history, while Gram-negative was  Pseudomonas  spp.; exclusively from dogs with a history of ocular disease/treatment. Other identified genera were represented by  Bacillus ,  Streptococcus ,  Trueperella ,  Aeromonas  and  Neisseria . The obtained results suggest a possible association between the presence of mixed flora and a history of ocular disease/treatment. A high AMR was generally observed (90%) in all isolates, especially for kanamycin, doxycycline, chloramphenicol and penicillin. MDR was recorded in  Staphylococcus  spp. and  Pseudomonas  spp. This result together with a well-known zoonotic potential may suggest an exchange of these strains within animal human populations and the environment.

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria from Conjunctival Flora in an Eye Infection Prone Breed (Saint Bernard)