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Passiflora maliformis  is an introduced plant in Australia but its flowers are known to attract the native Jarvis’s fruit fly,  Bactrocera jarvisi  (Tryon). The present study identifies and quantifies likely attractant(s) of male  B. jarvisi  in  P. maliformis  flowers. The chemical compositions of the inner and outer coronal filaments, anther, stigma, ovary, sepal, and petal of  P. maliformis  were separately extracted with ethanol and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Polyisoprenoid lipid precursors, fatty acids and their derivatives, and phenylpropanoids were detected in  P. maliformis  flowers. Phenylpropanoids included raspberry ketone, cuelure, zingerone, and zingerol, although compositions varied markedly amongst the flower parts.  P. maliformis  flowers were open for less than one day, and the amounts of some of the compounds decreased throughout the day. The attraction of male  B. jarvisi  to  P. maliformis  flowers is most readily explained by the presence of zingerone in these flowers.

Zingerone in the Flower of Passiflora maliformis Attracts an Australian Fruit Fly, Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon)