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The post-synthetic modification of an oligonucleotide is a powerful strategy for the synthesis of various analogs of the oligonucleotide, aiming to achieve the desired functions. In this study, we synthesized the thymidine phosphoramidite of 2'- N -pentafluorophenoxycarbonyl-2'-amino-LNA, which was introduced into oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotides containing a 2'- N -pentafluorophenoxycarbonyl-2'-amino-LNA unit could be isolated under ultra-mild deprotection conditions (50 mM K 2 CO 3 in MeOH at room temperature for 4 h). Moreover, by treatment with various amines as a post-synthetic modification, the oligonucleotides were successfully converted into the corresponding 2'- N -alkylaminocarbonyl-2'-amino-LNA (2'-urea-LNA) derivatives. The duplex- and triplex-forming abilities of the synthesized oligonucleotides were evaluated by UV-melting experiments, which showed that 2'-urea-LNAs could stabilize the nucleic acid complexes, similar to the proto-type, 2'-amino-LNA. Thus, 2'-urea-LNAs could be promising units for the modification of oligonucleotides; the design of a substituent on urea may aid the formation of useful oligonucleotides. In addition, pentafluorophenoxycarbonyl, an amino moiety, acted as a precursor of the substituted urea, which may be applicable to the synthesis of oligonucleotide conjugates.

Synthesis of Oligonucleotides Containing 2′-N-alkylaminocarbonyl-2′-amino-LNA (2′-urea-LNA) Moieties Using Post-Synthetic Modification Strategy