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The mechanisms of the photolysis reactions are studied theoretically at the M06-2X/6-311G(d) level of theory, using the four types of group 14 molecules that have the general structure, Ph₃M⁻M'Ph₂Me (M and M' = Si and Ge), as model systems. This study provides the first theoretical evidence for the mechanisms of these photorearrangements of compounds that contain a M⁻M' single bond. The model investigations indicate that the preferred reaction route for the photolysis reactions is, as follows: reactant → Franck-Condon (FC) region → minimum (triplet) → transition state (triplet) → triplet/singlet intersystem crossing → photoproducts (both di-radicals and singlets). The theoretical findings demonstrate that the formation of radicals results from reactions of the triplet states of these reactants. This could be because both the atomic radius and the chemical properties of silicon and germanium are quite similar to each other and compared to other group 14 elements, their photolytic mechanisms are nearly the same. The results for the photolytic mechanisms that are studied in this work are consistent with the available experimental observations and allow for a number of predictions for other group 14 dimetallane analogues to be made.

Theoretical Study of the Photolysis Mechanisms of Methylpentaphenyldimetallanes (Ph3MM′Ph2Me; M, M′ = Si and Ge)