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Accumulation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) in body tissues plays a major role in the development of diabetic complications. Here, the inhibitory effect of bioactive metabolites isolated from fruit hulls of  Garcinia mangostana  on AGE formation was investigated through bio-guided approach using aminoguanidine (AG) as a positive control. Including  G. mangostana  total methanol extract (GMT) in the reaction mixture of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glucose or ribose inhibited the fluorescent and non-fluorescent AGEs formation in a dose dependent manner. The bioassay guided fractionation of GMT revealed isolation of four bioactive constituents from the bioactive fraction; which were identified as: garcimangosone D ( 1 ), aromadendrin-8- C -glucopyranoside ( 2 ), epicatechin ( 3 ), and 2,3′,4,5′,6-pentahydroxybenzophenone ( 4 ). All the tested compounds significantly inhibited fluorescent and non-fluorescent AGEs formation in a dose dependent manner whereas compound  3  (epicatechin) was found to be the most potent. In search for the level of action, addition of GMT, and compounds  2 – 4  inhibited fructosamine (Amadori product) and protein aggregation formation in both glucose and ribose. To explore the mechanism of action, it was found that addition of GMT and only compound ( 3 ) to reaction mixture increased protein thiol in both glucose and ribose while compounds  1 ,  2  and  4  only increased thiol in case of ribose. In conclusion, phenolic compounds  1 – 4  inhibited AGEs formation at the levels of Amadori product and protein aggregation formation through saving protein thiol.

molecules/molecules online/molecules annual

Phenolics from Garcinia mangostana Inhibit Advanced Glycation Endproducts Formation: Effect on Amadori Products, Cross-Linked Structures and Protein Thiols