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This study investigated the antifungal activity and potential antifungal mechanism(s) of isoliquiritin against  P. litchi  Chen, one of the main litchi pathogens. The antifungal activity of isoliquiritin against  P. litchi  Chen had been proven in a dose-dependent manner through  in vitro  (mycelial growth and sporangia germination) and  in vivo  (detached leaf) tests. Results revealed that isoliquiritin exhibited significant antifungal activity against the tested pathogens, especially,  P. litchi  Chen, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 27.33 mg/L. The morphology of  P. litchi  Chen was apparently changed by isoliquiritin through cytoplasm leakage and distortion of mycelia. The cell membrane permeability of the  P. litchi  Chen increased with the increasing concentration of isoliquiritin, as evidenced by a rise in relative electric conductivity and a decrease in reducing sugar contents. These results indicated that the antifungal effects of isoliquiritin could be explained by a membrane lesion mechanism causing damage to the cell membrane integrity leading to the death of mycelial cells. Taken together, isoliquiritin may be used as a natural alternative to commercial fungicides or a lead compound to develop new fungicides for the control of litchi downy blight.

Antifungal Activity of Isoliquiritin and Its Inhibitory Effect against Peronophythora litchi Chen through a Membrane Damage Mechanism