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Homeobox transcription factors are conserved in eukaryotes and act as multi-functional transcription factors in filamentous fungi. Previously, it was demonstrated that HbxB governs fungal development and spore viability in  Aspergillus nidulans . Here, the role of HbxB in  A. nidulans  was further characterized. RNA-sequencing revealed that HbxB affects the transcriptomic levels of genes associated with trehalose biosynthesis and response to thermal, oxidative, and radiation stresses in asexual spores called conidia. A phenotypic analysis found that  hbxB  deletion mutant conidia were more sensitive to ultraviolet stress. The loss of  hbxB  increased the mRNA expression of genes associated with β-glucan degradation and decreased the amount of β-glucan in conidia. In addition,  hbxB  deletion affected the expression of the sterigmatocystin gene cluster and the amount of sterigmatocystin. Overall, these results indicated that HbxB is a key transcription factor regulating trehalose biosynthesis, stress tolerance, β-glucan degradation, and sterigmatocystin production in  A.   nidulans  conidia.

HbxB Is a Key Regulator for Stress Response and β-Glucan Biogenesis in Aspergillus nidulans