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Sequence type 59 (ST59) is the dominant type of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Taiwan. Previously, we reported that ST59 MRSA harbors enterococcal IS 1216V -mediated multidrug-resistant composite transposons MES PM1 or MES 6272-2 . The MES were found to have a mosaic structure, largely originating in enterococci and partly native to S. aureus . The current study aimed to track the origin of the MES and how they disseminated from enterococci to ST59 S. aureus . A total of 270 enterococcal isolates were analyzed, showing that two ST64 Enterococcus faecalis isolated in 1992 and 11 clonal complex 17 Enterococcus faecium harbored MES PM1 -like and MES 6272-2 -like structures, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that ST64 E. faecalis strain N48 acquired the MES PM1 -like structure on the plasmid pEflis48. The pEflis48 harbored the enterococci-originated region (erythromycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin resistances) and the S.  aureus -originated region (chloramphenicol resistance) of MES PM1 but was separated by the replication region of the plasmid. Homologous recombination between the two direct repeats of IS 1216V resulted in excision of the replication region of the plasmid to regenerate MES PM1 . The p4780-1 and pV19 of E. faecium carried MES 6272-2 -like structures with IS 1216V , albeit with multiple insertions by other insertion sequences. The findings show that IS 1216V plays important roles in bidirectional gene transfer of multidrug resistance between enterococci and S. aureus .

microorganisms

A Possible Role of Insertion Sequence IS1216V in Dissemination of Multidrug-Resistant Elements MESPM1 and MES6272-2 between Enterococcus and ST59 Staphylococcus aureus