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Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus  (LA-MRSA) remains a serious public health threat. Porcine nasal cavities are predominant habitats of LA-MRSA. Hence, components of their microbiota might be of interest as putative antagonistically acting competitors. Here, an extensive culturomics approach has been applied including 27 healthy pigs from seven different farms; five were treated with antibiotics prior to sampling. Overall, 314 different species with standing in nomenclature and 51 isolates representing novel bacterial taxa were detected.  Staphylococcus aureus  was isolated from pigs on all seven farms sampled, comprising ten different  spa  types with t899 ( n  = 15, 29.4%) and t337 ( n  = 10, 19.6%) being most frequently isolated. Twenty-six MRSA (mostly t899) were detected on five out of the seven farms. Positive correlations between MRSA colonization and age and colonization with  Streptococcus hyovaginalis , and a negative correlation between colonization with MRSA and  Citrobacter  spp. were found ( p  < 0.05). Of 209 non- S. aureus  members of the  Staphylococcaceae  family, 25 isolates (12.0%) from three out of the seven farms exhibited methicillin resistance, including two  Macrococcus goetzii  isolates carrying the  mecB  gene. Among 125  Enterobacterales , none tested positive for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase production. The high frequency of methicillin-resistant staphylococci supports the need for enhanced efforts within the “One Health” concept to manage the antibiotic resistance crisis in the human and veterinary medicine sector.

microorganisms

The Porcine Nasal Microbiota with Particular Attention to Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Germany—A Culturomic Approach