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Background: The spread of carbapenemase genes, such as bla  NDM-1 , in Proteus mirabilis poses a public health threat. The aim of the study was to characterize the genome and plasmids sequences of an NDM-1-positive strain (IBCRE14), which was isolated in 2019 from a catheterized patient hospitalized in Italy. Methods : Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of IBCRE14 was performed on extracted genomic DNA using Sequel I platform. Genome assembly was performed using "Microbial Assembly". Genomic analysis was conducted by uploading the contigs to ResFinder and PlasmidFinder databases from the Center for Genomic Epidemiology. Results: IBCRE14 had a genome size of 4,018,329 bp and harboured genes coding for resistance to aminoglycosides ( aadA1 ), phenicol ( cat ), tetracycline ( tetJ ), and trimethoprim ( dfrA1 ). A large plasmid (pIB_NDM_1) harboured antibiotic resistance genes against sulphonamide ( sul1 ), trimethoprim ( dfrA14 ), tetracycline ( tetB ), rifampicin ( arr-2 ), aminoglycosides ( aadA1, aph3-VI ), and beta-lactams ( bla  OXA-10 , bla  NDM-1 ). Furthermore, a small plasmid (pIB_COL3M) harboured a qnrD1 gene coding for quinolone resistance. Conclusion: The ability to conjugate and the presence of a composite antibiotic resistance island suggests that pIB_NDM_1 could both acquire more resistance genes and easily disseminate. To our knowledge, this is the first report on an untypable plasmid harbouring bla  NDM-1 in P. mirabilis, in Italy.

Complete Genome and Plasmids Sequences of a Clinical Proteus mirabilis Isolate Producing Plasmid Mediated NDM-1 From Italy