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Pine mushroom ( Tricholoma matsutake ) is one of the most valued ectomycorrhizal fungi in Asia because of its unique pine-like aroma; however, due to exceptionally slow growth of its mycelia in artificial conditions, its cultivation has been largely deemed as not possible. Previous studies have shown that some bacteria and a few  Trichoderma  species associated with pine mushroom promoted the growth of  T. matsutake  isolate, but this effect is relatively unexplored. In this study, we investigated the diversity of microfungi in the fairy ring of  T. matsutake  and their effect on the growth of  T. matsutake  isolate. From 184 fungal isolates, 28 species were identified based on suitable molecular markers.  Penicillium  was most frequently observed (16 species), followed by  Trichoderma  (4 species). Five Zygomycota species showed a high promoting effect on the growth of  T. matsutake  while the effects of ascomycetes were mixed. The microfungi that promote the growth of  T. matsutake  can be useful for forest nursery and artificial cultivation of  T. matsutake .

The Influence of Microfungi on the Mycelial Growth of Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Tricholoma matsutake