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The development of hyperpolarized carbon-13 ( 13 C) metabolic MRI has enabled the sensitive and noninvasive assessment of real-time in vivo metabolism in tumors. Although several studies have explored the feasibility of using hyperpolarized 13 C metabolic imaging for neuro-oncology applications, most of these studies utilized high-grade enhancing tumors, and little is known about hyperpolarized 13 C metabolic features of a non-enhancing tumor. In this study, 13 C MR spectroscopic imaging with hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]pyruvate was applied for the differential characterization of metabolic profiles between enhancing and non-enhancing gliomas using rodent models of glioblastoma and a diffuse midline glioma. Distinct metabolic profiles were found between the enhancing and non-enhancing tumors, as well as their contralateral normal-appearing brain tissues. The preliminary results from this study suggest that the characterization of metabolic patterns from hyperpolarized 13 C imaging between non-enhancing and enhancing tumors may be beneficial not only for understanding distinct metabolic features between the two lesions, but also for providing a basis for understanding 13 C metabolic processes in ongoing clinical trials with neuro-oncology patients using this technology.

Characterization of Distinctive In Vivo Metabolism between Enhancing and Non-Enhancing Gliomas Using Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 MRI